Solar Activity and Its Effects

Auroras, while beautiful, are caused by geomagnetic storms that can threaten Earth. These storms originate from solar explosions, such as CMEs and solar flares, which impact Earth when they occur on the sun's side facing our planet. Geomagnetic storms can disrupt Earth's magnetic field, creating auroras and affecting technology. The 1859 Carrington Event was the largest recorded storm, causing significant disruptions. Today, a similar event could have severe consequences due to our reliance on technology. Solar activity follows an 11-year cycle, with a peak expected in 2025.

What is the primary cause of auroras on Earth?

• Volcanic eruptions

• Geomagnetic storms

• Tidal waves

• Earthquakes

What are the two main types of solar explosions?

• Asteroids and comets

• Meteor showers and solar flares

• CMEs and solar flares

• Solar flares and lunar eclipses

How long does it typically take for a CME to reach Earth?

• 1 week

• 1 hour

• 1 to 5 days

• 8 minutes

What is the main effect of solar winds on Earth's magnetic field?

• They create earthquakes

• They cause geomagnetic storms

• They cause tsunamis

• They increase volcanic activity

What colors are typically seen in auroras?

• Blue and yellow

• Red and green

• Purple and orange

• Black and white

What was the most intense geomagnetic storm recorded in history?

• The 1859 Carrington Event

• The 1989 Quebec blackout

• The 2003 Halloween storm

• The 2012 solar storm

What was a significant effect of the 1859 Carrington Event?

• It caused a massive earthquake

• It led to a volcanic eruption

• It disrupted telegraph systems worldwide

• It caused a global blackout

How much could a solar storm similar to the Carrington Event cost today?

• $5 trillion

• $2 trillion

• $1 trillion

• $500 billion

How often do solar activity cycles fluctuate?

• Every 20 years

• Every 11 years

• Every 50 years

• Every 5 years

When is the next predicted peak of solar storm activity?

• 2030

• 2025

• 2023

• 2035