Enzyme Function and Regulation Concepts

This video tutorial introduces metabolism, the sum of all chemical reactions in a cell or body. It covers two main types: anabolism, which builds larger molecules, and catabolism, which breaks them down. The role of ATP in energy transfer is explained, including its conversion from ATP to ADP through hydrolysis. The video also discusses enzymes, their active sites, and how they can be inhibited by competitive and non-competitive inhibitors. Finally, it covers allosteric regulation and feedback inhibition, where end products regulate enzyme activity.

What is the primary function of anabolism in metabolism?

• Transporting molecules across membranes

• Releasing energy from ATP

• Building larger molecules from smaller ones

• Breaking down large molecules

Which process is an example of catabolism?

• Protein synthesis

• Cellular respiration

• DNA replication

• Photosynthesis

What does ATP stand for?

• Adenosine triphosphate

• Adenine diphosphate

• Adenine triphosphate

• Adenosine diphosphate

How is energy released from ATP?

• Through photosynthesis

• By converting it into glucose

• By adding a phosphate group

• Through hydrolysis, breaking it into ADP and a phosphate ion

What role does ATP play in muscle contraction?

• It breaks down glucose for energy

• It binds to motor proteins, allowing muscle filaments to move

• It stores energy in muscle cells

• It transports oxygen to muscles

What is the function of enzymes in biological reactions?

• They store genetic information

• They speed up reactions and can also inhibit them

• They transport molecules across cell membranes

• They act as a source of energy

What is a competitive inhibitor?

• A molecule that breaks down ATP

• A molecule that speeds up enzyme activity

• A molecule that binds to a different site on the enzyme

• A molecule that binds to the active site, preventing substrate binding

How does a non-competitive inhibitor affect an enzyme?

• It converts the enzyme into a substrate

• It increases the enzyme's activity

• It binds elsewhere on the enzyme, changing its shape

• It binds to the active site, blocking the substrate

What is allosteric regulation?

• The conversion of glucose into energy

• The binding of a molecule to an enzyme to regulate its activity

• The transport of molecules across membranes

• The process of breaking down ATP

What is feedback inhibition?

• The process of ATP synthesis

• The end product of a reaction regulating the process

• The breakdown of enzymes

• The transport of proteins across membranes