Cell Structure and Function Concepts

The video tutorial covers the ultrastructure of cells, focusing on the differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. It explains the characteristics of prokaryotic cells, such as E. coli, and highlights the concept of compartmentalization in eukaryotic cells. The tutorial also discusses the identification of organelles in electron micrographs, emphasizing the differences between chloroplasts and mitochondria. The importance of practicing questions to reinforce learning is also stressed.

What is a key feature that distinguishes prokaryotic cells from eukaryotic cells?

• Size of the ribosomes

• Presence of a cell wall

• Compartmentalization of organelles

• Having a plasma membrane

Which of the following is true about the organelles in eukaryotic cells?

• They lack a plasma membrane

• They are not compartmentalized

• They are smaller than those in prokaryotic cells

• They include structures like chloroplasts and mitochondria

What is the primary function of the flagella in E. coli?

• Active transport

• Binary fission

• Movement

• Attachment to surfaces

In the context of E. coli, what is the role of cilia?

• Protein synthesis

• Movement

• Attachment

• Cell respiration

What is a defining characteristic of mesophyll cells in plants?

• They have small vacuoles

• They contain chloroplasts

• They lack a cell wall

• They are found in animal cells

What structure is typically found around the edges of plant cells due to the large vacuole?

• Ribosomes

• Nucleus

• Chloroplasts

• Mitochondria

What is the primary function of mitochondria in animal cells?

• Photosynthesis

• Protein synthesis

• ATP production

• DNA replication

How can you differentiate a mitochondrion from a chloroplast in electron micrographs?

• Chloroplasts are circular, mitochondria are oval

• Mitochondria are found only in plant cells

• Chloroplasts are involved in ATP production

• Mitochondria have cisternae, chloroplasts have thylakoids

Which organelle is responsible for cell respiration in animal cells?

• Nucleus

• Chloroplast

• Mitochondria

• Ribosome

What is the significance of the cisternae in mitochondria?

• They are responsible for protein synthesis

• They increase the surface area for ATP production

• They store genetic material

• They are involved in photosynthesis