Autosomal Dominant Inheritance Concepts

The video explains that human beings have 46 chromosomes, including 22 pairs of autosomes and two sex chromosomes. Autosomal dominant inheritance occurs when an altered gene on one of the autosomes causes a disorder, with a 50% chance of passing it to offspring. The severity of these conditions can vary among individuals and families. New mutations can lead to a child having a disorder even if the parents are healthy. Once a mutation occurs, it becomes hereditary. Examples of autosomal dominant conditions include neurofibromatosis, tuberous sclerosis, achondroplasia, and brittle bone disease.

How many pairs of autosomes do human beings have?

• 23

• 22

• 21

• 20

What is the chance of passing an altered gene to offspring in autosomal dominant inheritance?

• 1 in 4

• 1 in 2

• 1 in 3

• 1 in 5

Why might the severity of autosomal dominant conditions vary among individuals?

• Dietary differences

• Variability in gene compensation

• Different environmental factors

• Age of the individual

What can cause a child to have an autosomal dominant disorder if both parents are healthy?

• Age of the parents

• Environmental factors

• A new mutation in a dominant gene

• Dietary habits

Which of the following is NOT an example of an autosomal dominant condition?

• Brittle bone disease

• Cystic fibrosis

• Tuberous sclerosis

• Neurofibromatosis