cDNA Library and Gene Processing

The video explains the differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic DNA, focusing on the presence of introns in eukaryotic DNA. It describes the transcription process in eukaryotic cells, where introns are removed to form functional mRNA. The video highlights the challenges of using eukaryotic DNA in bacterial cells for protein synthesis due to the presence of introns. It introduces the concept of a cDNA library, which involves creating complementary DNA without introns, allowing bacterial cells to synthesize eukaryotic proteins effectively.

What is a major difference between eukaryotic and prokaryotic DNA?

• Eukaryotic DNA is circular, while prokaryotic DNA is linear.

• Eukaryotic DNA contains introns and exons, while prokaryotic DNA only contains exons.

• Prokaryotic DNA is found in the nucleus, while eukaryotic DNA is not.

• Eukaryotic DNA is single-stranded, while prokaryotic DNA is double-stranded.

What happens to introns during the transcription process in eukaryotic cells?

• They remain in the mRNA molecule.

• They are converted into exons.

• They are translated into proteins.

• They are removed to form functional mRNA.

Why can't prokaryotic cells use eukaryotic genes directly?

• Prokaryotic cells lack the machinery to remove introns.

• Prokaryotic cells cannot replicate eukaryotic DNA.

• Eukaryotic genes are too large for prokaryotic cells.

• Prokaryotic cells do not have ribosomes.

What is the purpose of creating a cDNA library?

• To remove exons from eukaryotic genes.

• To store all types of DNA sequences.

• To make eukaryotic genes usable in prokaryotic cells by removing introns.

• To convert RNA into DNA.

What is the first step in creating a cDNA library?

• Adding a poly-A tail to mRNA.

• Heating the DNA molecule.

• Transcribing DNA into pre-mRNA.

• Mixing DNA with reverse transcriptase.

Which enzyme is used to convert mRNA into DNA during cDNA library creation?

• Reverse transcriptase

• Ligase

• RNA polymerase

• DNA polymerase

Why is it necessary to stabilize the DNA molecule in the cDNA library process?

• Single-stranded DNA is less stable than double-stranded DNA.

• To prevent the DNA from being transcribed.

• To ensure the DNA can be translated into RNA.

• Double-stranded DNA is less stable than single-stranded DNA.

What is the role of DNA polymerase in the cDNA library process?

• To transcribe DNA into RNA.

• To add a poly-A tail to mRNA.

• To stabilize single-stranded DNA by forming double-stranded DNA.

• To remove introns from mRNA.

What is the final product of the cDNA library process?

• A database of all known DNA sequences.

• A set of proteins synthesized from eukaryotic genes.

• A collection of single-stranded RNA molecules.

• A library of genes with introns removed.

How does a cDNA library benefit prokaryotic cells?

• It provides them with a source of energy.

• It enables them to synthesize proteins from eukaryotic genes without processing introns.

• It helps them to convert RNA into DNA.

• It allows them to replicate eukaryotic DNA.