Cell Theory and Chemical Composition

The video tutorial discusses the evolution of cell theory, starting with the original cell theory proposed by Theodor Schwann and Matthias Schleiden in 1839, which states that all living organisms are composed of cells and that the cell is the basic unit of life. Rudolf Virchow later added that all cells arise from pre-existing cells. The modern cell theory expands on this by incorporating molecular biology, stating that cells contain hereditary information in DNA, have the same basic chemical composition, and that energy flow occurs within cells through metabolism.

Who were the two scientists that initially proposed the cell theory?

• Gregor Mendel and Louis Pasteur

• Theodor Schwann and Matthias Schleiden

• James Watson and Francis Crick

• Charles Darwin and Alfred Wallace

What was the main conclusion of Theodor Schwann's study on animal tissues?

• Animals have a unique genetic code

• Animals are made up of cells

• Animals are composed of multiple organs

• Animals are capable of photosynthesis

Which statement was added to the cell theory by Rudolf Virchow?

• Cells contain hereditary information

• All cells arise from pre-existing cells

• All living organisms are made of cells

• Cells are the basic unit of life

What does modern cell theory incorporate that the original did not?

• The concept of spontaneous generation

• The role of DNA in heredity

• The existence of organelles

• The process of photosynthesis

Where is hereditary information stored within a cell according to modern cell theory?

• In the mitochondria

• In the cell membrane

• In the nucleus

• In the cytoplasm

What is common in the chemical composition of all cells?

• Unique DNA sequences

• Different types of proteins

• Presence of chlorophyll

• Same basic chemical elements

Which elements are essential in the chemical composition of cells?

• Iron, Copper, Zinc

• Gold, Silver, Platinum

• Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen

• Helium, Neon, Argon

What is the term for the sum total of chemical reactions occurring within a cell?

• Photosynthesis

• Fermentation

• Metabolism

• Respiration

How is energy generated within a cell?

• Via fermentation

• Through osmosis

• By cellular respiration

• Through photosynthesis

What happens to the biomass that is not used for energy in a cell?

• It is stored as fat

• It is used for photosynthesis

• It is excreted or removed

• It is converted to DNA