DNA Structure and Function Concepts

The video tutorial covers the fundamental components of DNA, including its role in storing genetic information and its structure as an organic compound made up of nucleotides. It explains the structure of nucleotides, which consist of a nitrogen base, a five-carbon sugar, and phosphate groups. The tutorial further delves into the types of nitrogen bases—adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine—and their specific pairing rules, emphasizing the uniformity and complementarity of base pairs. The video concludes with a recap of the key concepts and encourages students to bring questions to the next class.

What is the primary function of DNA in living organisms?

• To provide energy

• To store and transmit genetic information

• To catalyze chemical reactions

• To act as a structural component

What is the role of proteins formed from DNA instructions?

• To form structural units of cells

• To store genetic information

• To transmit signals

• To provide energy

Which of the following is NOT a component of a nucleotide?

• Nitrogen base

• Amino acid

• Five-carbon sugar

• Phosphate group

What is the sugar component of a nucleotide called?

• Ribose

• Deoxyribose

• Glucose

• Fructose

Which nitrogen bases are classified as purines?

• Adenine and Thymine

• Cytosine and Guanine

• Adenine and Guanine

• Cytosine and Thymine

How many rings do pyrimidines have in their structure?

• Three

• Two

• One

• Four

What type of bond is formed between cytosine and guanine?

• Quadruple bond

• Triple bond

• Double bond

• Single bond

Which base pairs with adenine in DNA?

• Thymine

• Guanine

• Cytosine

• Uracil

What is the complementary base for guanine in DNA?

• Thymine

• Cytosine

• Adenine

• Guanine

Which of the following is a correct complementary DNA strand for ATCG?

• TAGC

• GCTA

• TACG

• CGAT