Osmotic Pressure and Related Concepts

Dan Weisenberger explains osmosis using a U-shaped tube diagram, where water moves across a semi-permeable membrane to balance solute concentrations. Osmotic pressure is the pressure needed to stop this movement and maintain equilibrium. The formula for osmotic pressure is given as IMRT, where I is the van't Hoff constant, M is molarity, R is the gas constant, and T is temperature in Kelvin. The video concludes with calculating temperature from osmotic pressure.

What is the primary function of a semi-permeable membrane in osmosis?

• To allow solutes to pass through

• To prevent any movement of water

• To allow only water to pass through

• To equalize solute concentrations directly

In the context of osmosis, what happens when more solute is added to one side of the membrane?

• No movement occurs

• Water moves to the side with less solute

• Water moves to the side with more solute

• Solute moves to the side with more water

What does osmotic pressure prevent in a solution?

• The decrease of solute concentration

• The increase of solute concentration

• The movement of water across the membrane

• The movement of solutes

Which of the following is NOT a component of the osmotic pressure formula?

• Van't Hoff constant

• Molarity

• Universal gas constant

• Boiling point

What does the Van't Hoff constant represent in the osmotic pressure formula?

• The temperature of the solution

• The concentration of solute compared to expected

• The volume of the solution

• The pressure applied to the solution

What is the unit of molarity in the context of osmotic pressure?

• Moles per liter

• Grams per liter

• Moles per gram

• Liters per mole

What is the value of the universal gas constant used in the osmotic pressure formula?

• 0.08206

• 8.314

• 1.987

• 0.0821

How is temperature calculated from osmotic pressure?

• By dividing osmotic pressure by Van't Hoff constant

• By multiplying osmotic pressure with molarity

• By adding osmotic pressure to the universal gas constant

• By dividing osmotic pressure by the product of Van't Hoff constant and molarity

What is the temperature unit used in the osmotic pressure formula?

• Rankine

• Fahrenheit

• Celsius

• Kelvin

Which of the following best describes osmosis?

• Movement of solutes across a membrane

• Movement of water to equalize solute concentration

• Movement of water to increase solute concentration

• Movement of solutes to increase water concentration