Judicial Review and the Judiciary Act

The video discusses the concept of checks and balances in the U.S. Constitution, focusing on the judicial branch's power of judicial review. This power, not explicitly stated in the Constitution, was established through the landmark case Marbury v. Madison in 1803. The video explains how the case reached the Supreme Court and the decision made by Chief Justice John Marshall, which declared the Judiciary Act of 1789 unconstitutional. This case set the precedent for the Supreme Court's ability to review and invalidate laws that contradict the Constitution, solidifying judicial review as a critical check on legislative and executive powers.

What is the primary purpose of checks and balances in the U.S. Constitution?

• To allow the President to have more control

• To make the legislative process faster

• To prevent any one branch from becoming too powerful

• To ensure the government operates efficiently

Which court case established the principle of judicial review?

• Roe v. Wade

• Brown v. Board of Education

• Marbury v. Madison

• Plessy v. Ferguson

Who was appointed as a justice of the peace by John Adams?

• Thomas Jefferson

• James Madison

• John Marshall

• William Marbury

According to the Constitution, how can a case reach the Supreme Court?

• By direct appeal from the President

• Through the appellate system or if it involves a foreign country

• Only if it involves a state law

• By a vote in Congress

What did the Judiciary Act of 1789 allow Marbury to do?

• Appoint judges

• Bypass the Constitution

• Take his case directly to the Supreme Court

• Become President

Who was the Chief Justice during the Marbury v. Madison case?

• James Madison

• John Adams

• John Marshall

• Thomas Jefferson

What was the Supreme Court's ruling regarding the Judiciary Act?

• It was constitutional

• It was unconstitutional

• It was amended

• It was irrelevant

What is the significance of judicial review?

• It ensures the Constitution is the supreme law

• It allows the President to veto laws

• It gives Congress more power

• It speeds up the legislative process

What does judicial review allow the Supreme Court to do?

• Create new laws

• Amend the Constitution

• Appoint judges

• Declare laws or executive actions unconstitutional

Why is judicial review not mentioned in the Constitution?

• It was considered unnecessary

• It was vetoed by the President

• It was established through a court case

• It was added later by Congress