Cell Differentiation and X Chromosome Activity

The video explains the genetic differences between men and women, focusing on X and Y chromosomes. It discusses how women have two X chromosomes, one from each parent, and introduces the concept of X chromosome inactivation, where one X chromosome is inactive in each cell. The video further explores how cells decide which X chromosome to inactivate, initially thought to be random, but experiments suggest otherwise.

What is the typical chromosome composition in men?

• Two X chromosomes

• An X and a Z chromosome

• An X and a Y chromosome

• Two Y chromosomes

What significant discovery about X chromosomes in women began in 1949?

• Both X chromosomes are always active

• One X chromosome is always inactive

• Women have a Y chromosome

• X chromosomes are identical

What is a 'Dad cell' in the context of X chromosome activity?

• A cell with the X chromosome from the dad active

• A cell with both X chromosomes active

• A cell with the Y chromosome active

• A cell with no active X chromosome

How was it initially believed that cells decide to become 'Mom cells' or 'Dad cells'?

• By environmental factors

• Through genetic programming

• Based on the mother's diet

• Completely randomly

What did experiments with mice reveal about cell differentiation in organs?

• Organs are a mix of 'Mom' and 'Dad' cells

• Organs can be mostly 'Mom cells'

• Organs are mostly 'Dad cells'

• Organs have no 'Mom' or 'Dad' cells