Genetics and Inheritance Concepts

The video tutorial explains the structure and function of DNA, chromosomes, and genes. It discusses how genes are inherited from parents and introduces the concept of alleles, which are different versions of a gene. The tutorial uses cystic fibrosis as an example to illustrate genetic inheritance and explains the difference between dominant and recessive alleles. It concludes with a brief mention of genetic diagrams and probabilities, setting the stage for the next video.

What is the primary function of DNA within cells?

• To protect the cell from external damage

• To provide energy for cellular processes

• To store genetic instructions for traits

• To transport nutrients across the cell membrane

What is an allele?

• A cell organelle

• A version of a gene

• A type of chromosome

• A type of protein

How many pairs of chromosomes do humans have?

• 24

• 25

• 23

• 22

How many chromosomes does a human inherit from each parent?

• 22

• 23

• 25

• 24

What genetic condition is caused by a specific allele on chromosome 7?

• Sickle cell anemia

• Cystic fibrosis

• Huntington's disease

• Down syndrome

What does a lowercase 'f' represent in the context of cystic fibrosis?

• A non-functional gene

• The version of the gene that causes cystic fibrosis

• The normal version of the gene

• A dominant allele

What is the probability of a child inheriting cystic fibrosis if both parents are carriers?

• 75%

• 50%

• 25%

• 10%

What is the term for an allele that masks the effect of another allele?

• Recessive

• Dominant

• Codominant

• Incomplete

Which letter is used to represent a dominant allele?

• Lowercase

• Uppercase

• Italicized

• Bold

If a person inherits one dominant and one recessive allele, which one is expressed?

• The dominant allele

• Neither allele

• Both alleles equally

• The recessive allele