Microarray Technology and Gene Expression

The video tutorial explains DNA hybridization and its application in comparing cancer cells to normal cells. It discusses how gene regulation affects cancer cell proliferation and introduces microarray technology as a tool to analyze gene expression profiles. The tutorial demonstrates how microarrays can identify upregulated or downregulated genes, aiding in personalized cancer therapies.

What is the primary focus of DNA hybridization in the context of this video?

• To compare gene expression between different cell types

• To replicate DNA strands

• To study the structure of DNA molecules

• To identify the sequence of DNA

How do cancer cells differ from normal cells in terms of gene expression?

• Normal cells express more proteins

• Normal cells have more mutations

• Cancer cells have unregulated gene expression

• Cancer cells have fewer genes

What does it mean if a gene is upregulated in a cancer cell?

• The gene is mutated

• The gene produces more mRNA and protein

• The gene is deleted

• The gene is not expressed at all

What is a microarray chip used for?

• To replicate RNA

• To measure protein levels

• To sequence DNA

• To assay transcription profiles of genes

What is the purpose of labeling mRNA with fluorescent colors in microarray experiments?

• To differentiate between cancerous and normal cell mRNA

• To enhance the binding of mRNA to DNA

• To make the mRNA visible under a microscope

• To increase the stability of mRNA

What does a bright yellow dot on a microarray chip indicate?

• A gene is deleted

• No change in gene expression

• A gene is downregulated in the cancer cell

• A gene is upregulated in the cancer cell

What does a blue fluorescent label indicate in a microarray experiment?

• Gene expression in cancer cells

• Gene expression in normal cells

• Gene mutation

• Gene deletion

What does a green dot on a microarray chip suggest?

• Gene is upregulated

• Gene is mutated

• Gene is downregulated

• No change in gene expression

How can microarray technology help in cancer treatment?

• By identifying the type of cancer

• By preventing cancer

• By tailoring therapies based on gene expression profiles

• By curing cancer

How does microarray technology assist in personalizing cancer therapy?

• By measuring the patient's weight

• By analyzing specific gene expression profiles

• By determining the patient's blood type

• By identifying the patient's age