Ionization Energy and Electronegativity Concepts

This lesson covers periodic table trends, focusing on ionization energy, electron affinity, and electronegativity. It explains how these properties vary across the periodic table and their implications for atomic size, reactivity, and bonding. The lesson also discusses the differences between cations and anions in terms of size and energy requirements for electron removal.

What is ionization energy?

• The energy required to split an atom

• The energy released when an atom gains an electron

• The energy required to remove an electron from an atom

• The energy required to add an electron to an atom

Where on the periodic table is ionization energy the highest?

• Bottom left

• Top right

• Top left

• Bottom right

What causes the anomalies in ionization energy trends?

• The size of the nucleus

• The number of protons

• The arrangement of electrons in subshells

• The presence of noble gases

Why do alkali metals become more reactive as you move down the group?

• Their atomic size decreases

• They gain more protons

• They have more neutrons

• Their ionization energy decreases

How does the size of a chlorine ion compare to a neutral chlorine atom?

• The ion is smaller

• The ion is larger

• They are the same size

• The ion is denser

What happens to the size of an atom when it loses an electron to become a cation?

• It becomes denser

• It becomes larger

• It becomes smaller

• It remains the same

What is electron affinity?

• The energy required to split an atom

• The energy released when an electron is added

• The energy required to add a proton

• The energy required to remove an electron

Which element has the highest electron affinity?

• Neon

• Oxygen

• Chlorine

• Fluorine

What is electronegativity?

• The energy released when an electron is added

• The ability of an atom to lose electrons

• The energy required to remove an electron

• The ability of an atom to attract electrons in a compound

Which bond will have the greatest difference in electronegativity?

• Nitrogen and Fluorine

• Oxygen and Fluorine

• Carbon and Fluorine

• Hydrogen and Fluorine