Cell Structure and Function Concepts

The video tutorial covers the basics of cellular processes, focusing on the cell as the foundation of life. It delves into the structure and function of the cell membrane, including the fluid mosaic model, selective permeability, and the role of phospholipids and proteins. The tutorial also explains the glycocalyx, fluid dynamics, osmosis, and tonicity, highlighting their significance in cellular function. Additionally, it introduces the concept of resting membrane potential and provides an overview of cell organelles and their functions.

Why is the cell considered the basis of life in the study of organ systems?

• Because it is the only structure visible under a microscope.

• Because it is the largest organ in the body.

• Because it is the fundamental unit that carries out life processes.

• Because it is the smallest unit of matter.

What is the primary role of phospholipids in the cell membrane?

• To provide energy for the cell.

• To act as enzymes in metabolic reactions.

• To form a barrier that separates the cell from its environment.

• To transport oxygen across the membrane.

Which molecules can easily pass through the cell membrane without assistance?

• Large hydrophilic molecules like glucose.

• Ions such as sodium and hydrogen.

• Proteins and nucleic acids.

• Hydrophobic molecules soluble in lipids.

What is the function of the glycocalyx on the cell membrane?

• To store genetic information.

• To act as a biological marker for cell recognition.

• To provide structural support to the cell.

• To transport nutrients into the cell.

How do plant cells respond to a hypotonic environment?

• They remain unchanged.

• They shrink and lose function.

• They swell and become turgid.

• They burst due to excess water.

What happens to animal cells in a hypertonic environment?

• They become turgid.

• They shrink and lose function.

• They swell and burst.

• They remain unchanged.

What is the resting membrane potential crucial for?

• Cell division in mitosis.

• Protein synthesis in ribosomes.

• Functioning of nerve and muscle cells.

• Photosynthesis in plant cells.

Which organelle is known as the power plant of the cell?

• Ribosome

• Golgi apparatus

• Lysosome

• Mitochondria

What is the primary function of ribosomes in the cell?

• To synthesize proteins.

• To detoxify toxins.

• To store genetic material.

• To transport substances across the membrane.

What role do lysosomes play in the cell?

• They transport proteins.

• They synthesize lipids.

• They contain digestive enzymes.

• They produce ATP.