Sickle Cell Trait and Malaria

The video explains how individuals with sickle cell trait are more resistant to malaria compared to those without the trait. This resistance is due to the shorter lifespan of red blood cells in individuals with the trait, which limits the malaria parasite's ability to replicate. The prevalence of sickle cell trait is higher in malaria-endemic regions, such as sub-Saharan Africa and parts of India, due to natural selection. This genetic mutation provides a survival advantage in these areas, leading to a higher frequency of the trait.

Why are individuals with sickle cell trait more resistant to malaria?

• They have a higher body temperature.

• They produce more red blood cells.

• Their red blood cells are less hospitable to the malaria parasite.

• They have stronger immune systems.

How does the sickle cell trait affect the lifespan of red blood cells?

• It causes them to burst immediately.

• It has no effect on their lifespan.

• It shortens their lifespan to 50-60 days.

• It extends their lifespan to 150 days.

What is the main reason the malaria parasite struggles to replicate in individuals with sickle cell trait?

• The parasite is attacked by white blood cells.

• The red blood cells are cleared faster, reducing replication time.

• The parasite cannot enter the bloodstream.

• The liver destroys the parasite.

What genetic mutation provides a protective effect against malaria?

• A mutation in the skin cells.

• A mutation in white blood cells.

• A mutation in the liver cells.

• A mutation affecting red blood cells.

In which regions is the sickle cell trait more prevalent due to historical malaria outbreaks?

• The equatorial regions

• Northern Europe

• Antarctica

• The Arctic Circle

Why is the sickle cell trait more common in equatorial regions?

• Because of historical malaria outbreaks.

• Due to higher altitudes.

• Due to higher temperatures.

• Because of better healthcare systems.

Which continents have a higher prevalence of sickle cell trait due to malaria?

• Australia and Antarctica

• South America and Africa

• North America and Europe

• Asia and Europe

How has natural selection influenced the prevalence of sickle cell trait?

• It has increased the prevalence in malaria-endemic areas.

• It has had no effect.

• It has decreased the prevalence.

• It has made the trait disappear.

Which regions have fewer individuals with sickle cell trait?

• India

• Sub-Saharan Africa

• South America

• North America and Russia

What role does natural selection play in the distribution of sickle cell trait?

• It causes random distribution.

• It favors the trait in malaria-endemic regions.

• It has no role.

• It selects against the trait.