Plant Water Transport and Transpiration

The video tutorial covers the topic of xylem and transpiration, focusing on how xylem transports water and minerals from roots to leaves. It explains the process of transpiration, which is the plant's way of 'sweating,' and how it is influenced by abiotic factors like temperature, humidity, and wind. The tutorial also discusses the role of osmosis in water uptake by roots and the effects of increased soil salinity on water transport. Key concepts include the distinction between xylem and phloem functions, the impact of environmental conditions on transpiration, and the mechanisms of water movement in plants.

What is the primary function of xylem in plants?

• Transporting sucrose from leaves to fruits

• Transporting nutrients from leaves to roots

• Transporting water and minerals from roots to leaves

• Transporting salts from soil to roots

Which of the following is NOT a function of the xylem?

• Providing structural support to the plant

• Transporting sucrose from leaves to fruits

• Transporting minerals from roots to leaves

• Transporting water from roots to leaves

Which condition is likely to cause the least transpiration in plants?

• High temperature

• Fast air movement

• High light intensity

• High humidity

How does high humidity affect transpiration in plants?

• Increases transpiration

• Decreases transpiration

• Has no effect on transpiration

• Causes stomata to close

What process is responsible for water uptake by plant roots?

• Active transport

• Simple diffusion

• Osmosis

• Facilitated diffusion

Why does water move into plant roots by osmosis?

• Water is actively transported into roots

• Roots have a lower solute concentration than soil

• Water moves against its concentration gradient

• Roots have a higher solute concentration than soil

What effect does increased soil salinity have on water transport in plant roots?

• Increases water uptake

• Enhances nutrient absorption

• Decreases water uptake

• Has no effect on water uptake

How does excessive irrigation affect soil salinity?

• Increases soil salinity

• Dilutes soil nutrients

• Decreases soil salinity

• Has no effect on soil salinity

Which of the following is an abiotic factor affecting transpiration?

• Root pressure

• Soil pH

• Leaf size

• Humidity

Which abiotic factors are most important in affecting transpiration?

• Soil type, water availability, and plant age

• Soil pH, salinity, and light

• Temperature, humidity, and wind

• Nutrient levels, root pressure, and leaf size