The video tutorial explains the differences between passive and active transport. Passive transport involves the movement of molecules from high to low concentration without energy, exemplified by diffusion, osmosis, and facilitated diffusion. Active transport requires energy (ATP) to move molecules from low to high concentration, with examples like the sodium-potassium pump, contractile vacuole, endocytosis, and exocytosis. The video uses analogies and examples to illustrate these concepts, helping viewers understand the mechanisms and importance of each transport type in biological systems.

What is the main difference between passive and active transport?

• Both passive and active transport require energy.

• Passive transport requires energy, while active transport does not.

• Active transport moves molecules from high to low concentration, while passive transport does the opposite.

• Passive transport moves molecules from high to low concentration without energy, while active transport moves them from low to high concentration with energy.

Which of the following is an example of passive transport?

• Endocytosis

• Sodium-potassium pump

• Exocytosis

• Diffusion

How does osmosis differ from diffusion?

• Both osmosis and diffusion require energy.

• Osmosis involves the movement of water, while diffusion involves the movement of solutes.

• Osmosis requires energy, while diffusion does not.

• Diffusion involves the movement of water, while osmosis involves the movement of solutes.

What role do protein channels play in facilitated diffusion?

• They provide energy for the transport process.

• They help large molecules pass through the cell membrane.

• They prevent molecules from entering the cell.

• They pump molecules against their concentration gradient.

What is the primary function of the sodium-potassium pump?

• To transport water molecules across the cell membrane.

• To move sodium and potassium ions from high to low concentration without energy.

• To move sodium and potassium ions from low to high concentration using energy.

• To facilitate the diffusion of glucose into cells.

What is the purpose of the contractile vacuole in certain cells?

• To store nutrients for the cell.

• To pump excess water out of the cell to prevent bursting.

• To facilitate the diffusion of oxygen into the cell.

• To transport sodium ions into the cell.

How does the contractile vacuole function in a watery environment?

• It absorbs water to maintain cell structure.

• It stores water for future use.

• It pumps water from high to low concentration.

• It expels excess water from low to high concentration.

What is endocytosis?

• The movement of ions against their concentration gradient.

• The diffusion of water across a membrane.

• The process of taking materials into the cell using energy.

• The process of releasing materials from the cell.

What happens during exocytosis?

• Ions are moved from high to low concentration.

• Water is pumped into the cell to prevent dehydration.

• Materials are released from the cell using energy.

• Materials are taken into the cell without energy.

Which of the following processes requires ATP?

• Exocytosis

• Facilitated diffusion

• Osmosis

• Diffusion