Scrum, introduced in the 1980s by Takeuchi and Nonaka, is a flexible strategy where development teams work as a unit, akin to a rugby team, to achieve common goals. Unlike traditional relay race methods, Scrum emphasizes teamwork and continuous collaboration. Initially based on manufacturing case studies, Scrum was further developed by Schwaber and Sutherland in 1995, leading to its widespread acceptance and popularity in project management. Today, Scrum is a preferred approach in software development, offering an alternative to sequential work processes.

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