Fundamentals of Genetics: Gregor Mendel's Discoveries

Gregor Mendel, an Austrian monk, conducted experiments in the 1860s that laid the foundation for modern genetics. He is renowned for his work with pea plants, where he discovered how traits are inherited across generations. Mendel's experiments involved true-breeding plants, and he observed that when a tall plant was crossed with a short one, the first generation was all tall. However, in the second generation, the traits segregated, resulting in a 3:1 ratio of tall to short plants. This groundbreaking work revealed the principles of heredity.

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