Simplifying a rational expression by factoring

The video tutorial addresses an algebraic expression, X^2 - 4 / X - 2 * X + 1, and explores the challenges in simplifying it. The instructor explains that the expression cannot be simplified using basic exponent rules but can be factored using the difference of two squares method. By rewriting X^2 - 4 as (X - 2)(X + 2), the expression is simplified to X + 2 / X + 1 after canceling out common terms. The tutorial emphasizes the importance of recognizing factoring opportunities in algebraic expressions.

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