Hypothesis Testing Concepts

Lindsay Leach introduces the concepts of null and alternative hypotheses, explaining that the null hypothesis is what we expect to be true, while the alternative hypothesis challenges it. Through examples like birth weight and vending machine data, the video illustrates how evidence can support or refute these hypotheses. The video also covers the 'no difference' hypothesis, emphasizing the importance of defining hypotheses based on the question at hand.

What is the null hypothesis in the context of bees making honey?

• Bees do not make honey.

• Wasps make honey.

• Bees make honey.

• Wasps do not make honey.

What is the alternative hypothesis in the context of wasps making honey?

• Wasps do not make honey.

• Bees do not make honey.

• Bees make honey.

• Wasps make honey.

What must be assumed about the null hypothesis until proven otherwise?

• It is untestable.

• It is irrelevant.

• It is true.

• It is false.

What happens if the alternative hypothesis is accepted?

• The null hypothesis is also accepted.

• The alternative hypothesis is rejected.

• The null hypothesis is rejected.

• Both hypotheses are rejected.

What is the role of evidence in hypothesis testing?

• To prove the null hypothesis is always true.

• To support either the null or alternative hypothesis.

• To reject both hypotheses.

• To prove the alternative hypothesis is always true.

What is the first step in hypothesis testing?

• Accepting the alternative hypothesis.

• Rejecting the null hypothesis.

• Defining the null and alternative hypotheses.

• Collecting data.

In the baby birth weight example, what is the null hypothesis?

• The average birth weight is more than 7 pounds 12 ounces.

• The average birth weight is equal to 7 pounds 12 ounces.

• The average birth weight is not equal to 7 pounds 12 ounces.

• The average birth weight is less than 7 pounds 12 ounces.

In the baby birth weight example, what is the alternative hypothesis?

• The average birth weight is not equal to 7 pounds 12 ounces.

• The average birth weight is equal to 7 pounds 12 ounces.

• The average birth weight is more than 7 pounds 12 ounces.

• The average birth weight is less than 7 pounds 12 ounces.

What symbol could be used if the midwife wanted to test if the birth weight is not equal to 7 pounds 12 ounces?

• mu < 7 pounds 12 ounces

• mu ≠ 7 pounds 12 ounces

• mu > 7 pounds 12 ounces

• mu = 7 pounds 12 ounces

What is the significance of using symbols like 'greater than' or 'less than' in hypotheses?

• To make the hypothesis more complex.

• To specify the direction of the hypothesis.

• To confuse the reader.

• To make the hypothesis less specific.