Research and Experimentation in Psychology

What is a key reason why relying solely on intuition can be problematic in understanding human behavior?

• Intuition is always correct and needs no verification.

• Intuition often leads to overconfidence and the "I-knew-it-all-along" phenomenon.

• Intuition is too complex to be studied scientifically.

• Intuition is only useful for predicting future events, not past ones.

In the scientific method, what is the term for a testable prediction derived from a theory?

• An observation

• A conclusion

• A hypothesis

• A case study

What is a primary limitation of case studies and naturalistic observations in psychological research?

• They are too expensive to conduct.

• They only provide quantitative data.

• They are great for describing behavior but limited in explaining it or being replicated.

• They require too many participants to be effective.

What is the relationship between correlation and causation in scientific research?

• Correlation proves causation.

• Correlation predicts the possibility of cause-and-effect relationships, but they cannot prove them.

• Causation always leads to correlation.

• Correlation and causation are interchangeable terms.

In an experiment designed to test if caffeine affects maze navigation speed, what would be the independent and dependent variables?

• Independent: Maze navigation speed; Dependent: Caffeine dosage.

• Independent: Caffeine dosage; Dependent: Maze navigation speed.

• Independent: Type of maze; Dependent: Participant's age.

• Independent: Participant's prior experience; Dependent: Time of day.