Muscle Cell Biology

What type of energy do muscle tissues convert chemical potential energy into to create movement?

• Thermal energy

• Electrical energy

• Mechanical energy

• Kinetic energy

Which type of muscle tissue is responsible for voluntary movements and is attached to the skeleton?

• Smooth muscle tissue

• Cardiac muscle tissue

• Skeletal muscle tissue

• Visceral muscle tissue

What are the two tiny protein strands found within sarcomeres that are responsible for muscle contraction?

• Troponin and Tropomyosin

• Actin and Myosin

• Myofibrils and Fascicles

• Sarcolemma and Mitochondria

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What directly causes the release of calcium ions from the sarcoplasmic reticulum in a muscle cell?

• Binding of acetylcholine to receptors.

• The action potential traveling down the T-tubules.

• ATP binding to myosin heads.

• Troponin binding to tropomyosin.

What is the role of ATP in the detachment of myosin from actin during muscle contraction?

• ATP provides energy for the myosin head to pull the actin filament.

• ATP causes troponin to change shape, exposing binding sites.

• The binding of a new ATP molecule to the myosin head causes it to release from actin.

• ATP is broken down to ADP and phosphate to re-arm the myosin head for binding.