cách mạng pháp

What was the primary economic characteristic of France in the late 18th century?

• A highly industrialized nation with advanced machinery.

• A backward agricultural country with limited industrial development.

• A leading commercial power dominating European trade.

• A nation with a balanced economy of agriculture, industry, and commerce.

How was French society structured in the latter half of the 18th century?

• A single, unified class system with equal rights for all.

• Divided into two main classes: the wealthy and the poor.

• Composed of three estates: the clergy, the nobility, and the Third Estate.

• Governed by a system of guilds and trade unions.

Which Enlightenment thinker advocated for the complete abolition of monarchy and the establishment of a republic?

• Montesquieu

• Rousseau

• Voltaire

• Diderot

What significant event occurred on July 14, 1789, marking the beginning of the French Revolution?

• The signing of the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen.

• The storming of the Bastille prison.

• The establishment of the First French Republic.

• The execution of King Louis XVI.

What was the fate of Robespierre and the Jacobin leaders on July 27, 1794 (9 Thermidor)?

• They successfully defended the revolution against foreign invasion.

• They were arrested and executed, leading to the decline of the revolution.

• They established a new constitution that granted universal suffrage.

• They voluntarily stepped down from power to allow for new leadership.