United States vs. Virginia 1996 Quiz

What was the significance of the 1976 Supreme Court decision in Craig v. Boren?

• It overturned the Civil Rights Act of 1964.

• It allowed for single-sex education in public institutions.

• It declared sex classifications subject to intermediate scrutiny.

• It established strict scrutiny for racial classifications.

Why was the Virginia Women's Institute for Leadership (VWIL) considered inadequate compared to VMI?

• It lacked the same military environment and prestige.

• It had a more prestigious faculty.

• It offered more science and engineering degrees.

• It had stricter admission qualifications.

What was the Supreme Court's decision regarding VMI's admissions policy?

• It required VMI to become a private institution.

• It mandated the closure of VMI.

• It ruled the policy violated the Equal Protection Clause.

• It upheld the male-only policy as constitutional.

What did Justice Ginsburg mean by stating that Virginia's view of gender was a 'self-fulfilling prophecy'?

• Single-sex education is inherently superior.

• Societal expectations reinforce gender discrimination.

• Gender roles are biologically determined.

• Men and women have identical educational needs.

What was Justice Scalia's main argument in his dissent?

• All-male military colleges are a traditional feature of American culture.

• VWIL provided equal opportunities to women.

• Gender classifications should receive strict scrutiny.

• VMI's policy was constitutional under strict scrutiny.