Understanding DNA: Structure, Function, and History

What is the primary function of DNA in living organisms?

• To store energy

• To protect cells from damage

• To provide genetic instructions

• To transport nutrients

Who was the first to discover the substance we now know as DNA?

• James Watson

• Francis Crick

• Friedrich Miesha

• Phoebus Levine

What did Phoebus Levine discover about DNA?

• The double helix structure

• The role of DNA in protein synthesis

• The presence of four organic bases

• The concept of base pairing

What observation did Erwin Chargaff make about DNA?

• DNA is composed of proteins

• Adenine and thymine are present in equal amounts

• DNA contains ribose sugar

• DNA is a double helix

What is the significance of the DNA double helix structure?

• It allows DNA to store energy

• It enables DNA replication and information encoding

• It makes DNA resistant to mutations

• It helps DNA dissolve in water

Which bases pair together in the DNA structure?

• Adenine with thymine

• Cytosine with adenine

• Adenine with cytosine

• Guanine with thymine

How does DNA encode information for protein synthesis?

• Through the number of hydrogen bonds

• Through the sequence of amino acids

• By the order of nucleotides

• By the length of the DNA strand

What did Darwin's theory suggest about the history of life?

• Evolution is a random process

• All species share a common ancestor

• Species evolve independently

• All organisms have unique origins

What is the approximate length of the human genome?

• 500 million base pairs

• 5 billion base pairs

• 1 million base pairs

• 10 billion base pairs

How do mutations affect the DNA sequence?

• They stabilize the DNA structure

• They change the sequence of bases

• They increase the number of nucleotides

• They remove phosphates from DNA