Biological Molecules and Their Functions

What are the three main types of biological molecules essential for building cells?

• Nucleic acids, enzymes, and hormones

• Sugars, starches, and fibers

• Vitamins, minerals, and water

• Carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins

Which elements primarily make up carbohydrates?

• Hydrogen, oxygen, and sulfur

• Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen

• Carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen

• Carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen

What is the primary function of carbohydrates in the body?

• To store genetic information

• To act as hormones

• To build cell membranes

• To release energy through respiration

Which of the following is a source of lipids?

• Rice

• Olive oil

• Beans

• Potatoes

What is the structural component of lipids?

• Monosaccharides

• Amino acids

• Nucleotides

• Glycerol and fatty acids

Which element is essential for the formation of proteins but not found in carbohydrates or lipids?

• Phosphorus

• Nitrogen

• Calcium

• Sulfur

What is the role of proteins in the body?

• To provide insulation

• To store energy

• To aid in growth and repair

• To transport oxygen

Which test is used to detect the presence of starch in a food sample?

• Biuret test

• Ethanol test

• Benedict's test

• Iodine test

What color change indicates the presence of glucose when using Benedict's solution?

• Blue to green to orange to brick red

• Yellow to blue to purple

• Purple to pink to white

• Red to yellow to green

How can you test for lipids in a food sample?

• Add Benedict's solution

• Add ethanol and water

• Add Biuret solution

• Add iodine solution