Understanding Diabetes in Pregnancy

What is the primary difference between pre-gestational and gestational diabetes?

• Pre-gestational diabetes is diagnosed before pregnancy, while gestational diabetes develops during pregnancy.

• Pre-gestational diabetes is more common than gestational diabetes.

• Pre-gestational diabetes occurs during pregnancy, while gestational diabetes occurs before pregnancy.

• Pre-gestational diabetes affects only the mother, while gestational diabetes affects only the fetus.

What percentage of diabetes cases in pregnancy are gestational diabetes?

• 50%

• 100%

• 10%

• 90%

Why is organogenesis a critical period for women with pre-gestational diabetes?

• It is the period when the mother experiences the most hormonal changes.

• It is the time when the mother is most likely to develop diabetes.

• It is when the fetus begins to grow rapidly.

• It is when the fetus's organs are formed, and high glucose levels can cause anomalies.

What is fetal macrosomia, and how is it related to gestational diabetes?

• A condition where the fetus is larger than normal due to high insulin levels.

• A condition where the fetus is smaller than normal due to low glucose levels.

• A condition where the fetus has underdeveloped organs.

• A condition where the fetus has high blood pressure.

Which hormone is NOT mentioned as contributing to gestational diabetes?

• Progesterone

• Cortisol

• Adrenaline

• Human placental lactogen (HPL)

How do hormones during pregnancy contribute to gestational diabetes?

• They decrease glucose production and increase insulin sensitivity.

• They only affect the fetus's glucose levels.

• They increase glucose production and decrease insulin sensitivity.

• They have no effect on glucose or insulin levels.

What is the purpose of the glucose tolerance test during pregnancy?

• To evaluate the mother's hormone levels.

• To determine the fetus's growth rate.

• To measure the mother's insulin levels.

• To assess the mother's blood glucose levels after consuming glucose.

At what stage of pregnancy is routine screening for gestational diabetes typically performed?

• After the baby is born

• During the first trimester

• Between 26 to 28 weeks

• At the time of conception

What is the first line of treatment for gestational diabetes if diagnosed during pregnancy?

• Surgical intervention

• Insulin therapy

• Hormone therapy

• Dietary changes

Why is it important to follow up with women who had gestational diabetes after delivery?

• To ensure they do not develop overt diabetes later.

• To monitor the baby's growth.

• To check for any remaining pregnancy hormones.

• To assess the mother's weight loss.