Cell Structure and Function Quiz

What is the primary function of the nucleus in a cell?

• To direct protein synthesis

• To transport nutrients

• To store energy

• To produce ribosomes

What is the nuclear envelope composed of?

• A protein shell

• A double phospholipid bilayer

• A single phospholipid layer

• A carbohydrate matrix

Where are ribosomes primarily located in the cell?

• Inside the nucleus

• In the Golgi apparatus

• On the cell membrane

• In the cytoplasm and on the endoplasmic reticulum

What is the main difference between free and bound ribosomes?

• Free ribosomes synthesize proteins for the cell, bound ribosomes synthesize proteins for export

• Free ribosomes are in the nucleus, bound ribosomes are in the cytoplasm

• Free ribosomes are larger than bound ribosomes

• Free ribosomes are inactive, bound ribosomes are active

What is the primary function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?

• Lipid synthesis and detoxification

• Carbohydrate storage

• DNA replication

• Protein synthesis

What distinguishes the rough ER from the smooth ER?

• Its role in detoxification

• Its ability to store calcium ions

• Its location in the cell

• Presence of ribosomes on its surface

What is the role of the Golgi apparatus in the cell?

• To store genetic information

• To synthesize lipids

• To modify, package, and export proteins

• To produce energy

How does the Golgi apparatus modify proteins?

• By adding lipids

• By adding carbohydrates

• By adding nucleic acids

• By adding phosphates

What is the primary function of lysosomes?

• To store nutrients

• To break down waste materials and cellular debris

• To transport oxygen

• To synthesize proteins

What is the role of peroxisomes in the cell?

• To store calcium ions

• To produce ATP

• To synthesize proteins

• To detoxify harmful substances