Understanding the Human Microbiome

What is the ratio of microbial cells to human cells in the body?

• 100:1

• 10:1

• 1:10

• 1:1

How do infants initially acquire their microbiomes?

• During passage through the birth canal

• From contact with other people

• From the food they eat

• Through the air they breathe

What role do microbes play in the immune system?

• They educate immune cells to distinguish between harmful and harmless entities

• They cause infections

• They destroy all foreign cells

• They replace immune cells

Which part of the body is considered the most complex microbial habitat?

• The armpits

• The skin

• The mouth

• The gut

What can happen if the gut microbiome is not functioning properly?

• It can increase energy levels

• It can enhance immune response

• It can cause various diseases like diabetes and obesity

• It can lead to improved digestion

Why might modern microbiomes be less diverse than those of earlier generations?

• Due to more c-sections and less breastfeeding

• Because of more frequent travel

• Due to increased consumption of processed foods

• Because of climate change

What is a potential consequence of a less diverse microbiome?

• Higher risk of allergies and asthma

• Better skin health

• Increased resistance to antibiotics

• Improved mental health

What are probiotics?

• Harmful bacteria

• Antibiotics

• Synthetic vitamins

• Beneficial microbes that can prevent diseases

What are prebiotics?

• A form of vitamin supplement

• Foods that feed harmful bacteria

• A type of antibiotic

• Foods that good microbes thrive on

What is the current state of research on the human microbiome?

• It is only applicable to certain diseases

• It is irrelevant to human health

• It is still in its early stages

• It is fully understood