Signal Transduction and Hormone Pathways Quiz

What is the principle of complementarity in biology?

• Molecules randomly bind to any receptor.

• Molecules repel each other.

• Molecules are identical in structure.

• Molecules fit together based on their shapes.

Which of the following is a common second messenger in cell communication?

• DNA

• Cyclic AMP

• Protein kinase

• Glucose

How do protein hormones typically interact with cells?

• They are absorbed by the cell nucleus.

• They diffuse through the cell membrane.

• They bind to receptors on the cell membrane.

• They enter the cell and bind to DNA.

What is a key difference between protein hormones and steroid hormones?

• Steroid hormones bind to cell membrane receptors, while protein hormones do not.

• Protein hormones enter the cell, while steroid hormones do not.

• Steroid hormones are water-soluble, while protein hormones are not.

• Protein hormones use second messengers, while steroid hormones directly influence gene activity.

What cellular response is triggered by the hormone epinephrine in liver cells?

• Synthesis of glycogen

• Production of insulin

• Inhibition of glucose release

• Breakdown of glycogen into glucose