08 Topic 2: Colonial America and European Exploration

What was the primary motivation for European exploration and colonization of the Americas?

• To spread democratic ideals.

• To find new trade routes to Asia.

• To acquire resources and wealth.

• To escape religious persecution.

What caused the Silk Road to be under threat by the mid-15th century?

• The rise of the Roman Empire.

• The discovery of new sea routes.

• The power of the Ottoman Turks and impairment of the Mongol Empire.

• A series of natural disasters.

Who accidentally discovered the "New World" in 1492 while seeking new trade routes to Asia?

• Vasco da Gama.

• Ferdinand Magellan.

• Christopher Columbus.

• Amerigo Vespucci.

Which European country was the first to conquer and colonize the New World?

• England.

• France.

• Portugal.

• Spain.

Which two major empires did Spanish conquistadors conquer between 1519 and 1521?

• The Mayan and Aztec Empires.

• The Inca and Aztec Empires.

• The Olmec and Inca Empires.

• The Toltec and Mayan Empires.

Who led the Spanish expedition in 1565 that established a fort at St. Augustine after clashing with French colonists in Florida?

• Hernán Cortés.

• Francisco Pizarro.

• Pedro Menéndez de Avilés.

• Juan Ponce de León.

What was the name of the first permanent English colony established in North America in 1607?

• Plymouth.

• Jamestown.

• Massachusetts Bay.

• Roanoke.

What was the second successful English settlement in America, established in 1620 by the Pilgrims?

• Jamestown.

• New Hampshire.

• Plymouth Colony.

• Connecticut.

In what year was Pennsylvania founded?

• 1626

• 1664

• 1680

• 1732

Which of the following Southern Colonies was founded in 1732?

• Maryland

• Virginia

• North Carolina

• Georgia