Topic 4.3

What is the Columbian Exchange?

• The exchange of goods between European countries.

• The transfer of diseases, food, plants, and animals between the Eastern and Western hemispheres.

• The trade routes established by Christopher Columbus.

• The movement of people from Europe to the Americas.

What was the primary cause of the Columbian Exchange?

• The search for new trade routes to Asia.

• The establishment of permanent European settlements in Africa.

• The momentous contact between the New World and the Old World.

• The development of new agricultural techniques in Europe.

What was a significant impact of European diseases on Indigenous populations in the Americas?

• It led to increased trade between Europeans and Indigenous Americans.

• It caused a massive decline in Indigenous populations due to lack of immunity.

• It resulted in the development of new medical treatments by Indigenous healers.

• It encouraged Indigenous Americans to migrate to Europe for better healthcare.

How did the introduction of New World crops like maize and potatoes affect Europe after 1700?

• It led to a decrease in agricultural output due to unfamiliarity with the crops.

• It caused widespread famine as Europeans struggled to cultivate them.

• It diversified diets, led to a healthier population, and significant population growth.

• It resulted in a decline in trade with other continents.