AP Bio Topic 2.5-2.8

What is the primary difference between passive transport and active transport?

• Passive transport moves molecules against their concentration gradient, while active transport moves them with it.

• Passive transport requires energy, while active transport does not.

• Active transport requires energy, while passive transport does not.

• Active transport only moves water, while passive transport moves all other molecules.

Which statement accurately describes diffusion?

• It is the movement of particles from an area of lower concentration to higher concentration, requiring energy.

• It is the random movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to lower concentration, requiring no energy.

• It is the movement of water across a semi-permeable membrane, requiring energy.

• It is a process that only occurs in gases, not liquids or solids.

What is osmosis?

• The movement of solute particles across a membrane.

• The diffusion of water across a semi-permeable membrane.

• The active transport of ions against their concentration gradient.

• The process by which cells engulf large particles.

What happens to red blood cells when placed in a hypertonic solution?

• They swell and may burst due to water flowing in.

• They maintain their normal shape as water moves equally in and out.

• They shrivel up as water flows out of the cells.

• They actively transport salt into the cells to balance the concentration.

What happens to a red blood cell when placed in a hypotonic solution?

• It swells and may burst.

• It shrinks and becomes crenated.

• It remains unchanged in size and shape.

• It actively transports water out to maintain equilibrium.

Which statement accurately describes facilitated diffusion?

• It requires ATP to move substances across the membrane.

• It moves substances against their concentration gradient.

• It utilizes protein channels or carriers to transport molecules.

• It is the primary method for water movement across cell membranes.

What is a fundamental characteristic that distinguishes active transport from facilitated diffusion?

• Active transport moves substances down their concentration gradient.

• Facilitated diffusion requires direct energy input (ATP).

• Active transport requires energy to move substances against their concentration gradient.

• Facilitated diffusion uses protein pumps, while active transport uses channels.

Which process describes a cell taking in large molecules or particles by engulfing them with its cell membrane?

• Exocytosis

• Active Transport

• Endocytosis

• Simple Diffusion