Skeletal System - Bones

What is the most significant physical effect of a microgravity environment on the human body?

• Trouble sleeping

• Puffy faces

• Loss of muscle mass

• Damage to bones

Which statement accurately describes bones?

• Bones are dry and inert structures that provide only support.

• Bones are technically organs made of active connective tissue that regenerates.

• Bones are primarily composed of muscle and nervous tissues.

• Bones are completely replaced every 48 days.

What is the primary function of red bone marrow?

• Storing energy as fat.

• Producing blood cells.

• Regulating blood calcium levels.

• Protecting against glucose intolerance.

How does the rate of bone loss in astronauts in space compare to that of an average elderly person on Earth?

• Astronauts lose bone at a slower rate.

• Astronauts lose bone at the same rate.

• Astronauts lose bone at a significantly faster rate.

• Elderly people experience no bone loss.

How many bones does an average adult human body contain?

• 106

• 206

• 306

• 406

Which of the following are considered axial bones?

• Limb bones and shoulder blades.

• Pelvis and fibula.

• Skull, vertebral column, and rib cage.

• Metacarpals and talus.

Which of the following are examples of long bones?

• Talus and scaphoid.

• Sternum and scapula.

• Vertebrae and pelvis.

• Tibia and fibula.

What is the basic structural unit of bone, described as cylindrical, weight-bearing structures?

• Trabeculae

• Epiphyses

• Osteons

• Diaphysis

What are the concentric tubes within an osteon, filled with collagen fibers, called?

• Haversian canals

• Lacunae

• Lamellae

• Canaliculi

The alternating pattern of collagen fibers in bone lamellae primarily helps the bone resist what type of stress?

• Compression

• Tension

• Shear

• Torsion