Plant Tissue Functions and Structures

What are the primary functions of parenchyma tissue in plants?

• Providing rigid structural support and protection from physical damage.

• Performing photosynthesis, storing food, and repairing wounds.

• Transporting water and nutrients throughout the plant's vascular system.

• Regulating the exchange of gases and preventing excessive water evaporation.

What is the main purpose of the cuticle found on the outer surface of a plant's epidermis?

• To allow for efficient absorption of carbon dioxide.

• To provide flexibility and elasticity to plant organs.

• To reduce water loss and offer protection against pathogens.

• To attract pollinators and aid in seed dispersal.

How do guard cells contribute to the plant's survival?

• They secrete a waxy layer to prevent water evaporation.

• They form hair-like structures that deter herbivores.

• They regulate the opening and closing of stomata for gas exchange.

• They store starch to provide energy during periods of low light.

What is the primary role of the rhytidome in older plant stems and roots?

• Facilitating rapid cell division for growth.

• Protecting the plant's inner tissues from external damage.

• Storing water and essential minerals.

• Supporting the plant's reproductive processes.

Which feature is characteristic of vascular plants but generally absent in non-vascular plants like mosses?

• The ability to perform photosynthesis.

• The presence of a protective outer layer.

• Specialized tissues for distributing water and nutrients.

• The capacity to grow in diverse environments.

What evolutionary advantage did vascular tissue provide to plants?

• The ability to produce flowers and fruits.

• Independence from living in or near water sources.

• Enhanced photosynthesis efficiency.

• Protection against herbivores.

Which component provides structural strength to the cell walls of xylem tissue?

• Cellulose

• Pectin

• Lignin

• Chitin

What is the primary force that pulls water up through the xylem, driven by evaporation from leaves?

• Root pressure

• Osmotic potential

• Transpiration

• Active transport

Which type of vascular tissue is responsible for transporting sugars produced during photosynthesis to other parts of the plant?

• Xylem

• Phloem

• Cambium

• Pericycle

What is the term for the process of moving sugary sap through the phloem, driven by positive hydrostatic pressure?

• Transpiration

• Osmosis

• Translocation

• Diffusion