Chemical Reactions and Properties

What is one of the main purposes of adding sodium nitrite to cured meats like salami or ham?

• To make them taste sweeter.

• To give them a bright pink-red color and prevent dangerous bacteria.

• To make them softer and easier to chew.

• To increase their salt content.

What is formed when sodium nitrite is mixed with a cold mineral acid, such as hydrochloric acid?

• Nitric acid

• Nitrous acid

• Sodium chloride

• Water

How can primary, secondary, and tertiary amines be distinguished from each other using nitrous acid?

• Primary amines fizz, secondary amines form a toxic oily layer, and tertiary amines form a clear solution.

• Primary amines form a clear solution, secondary amines fizz, and tertiary amines form a toxic oily layer.

• Primary amines form a toxic oily layer, secondary amines form a clear solution, and tertiary amines fizz.

• All three types of amines fizz when mixed with nitrous acid.

If a substance absorbs blue and green light, what color would it appear to our eyes?

• Red

• Blue

• Green

• Yellow

Which of the following is a characteristic of Ponceau 4R?

• It is a blue dye

• It is unstable to heat

• It fades in the presence of some food acids

• It is used to make green velvet cake

What two main features are needed on a benzene ring for a nucleophilic aromatic substitution (SNAr) reaction to occur?

• An electron-donating group and a good leaving group

• An electron-withdrawing group and a good leaving group

• Two electron-donating groups

• A catalyst and high temperature

In a nucleophilic aromatic substitution (SNAr) reaction, how does the benzene ring behave?

• As an electron donor

• As an electron acceptor

• As a catalyst

• As a leaving group