Genetic Engineering Concepts and Applications

Why is genetic engineering used to produce insulin in a lab setting?

• To make bacteria glow under UV light

• To create new types of bacteria for research

• To provide enough insulin for people with Type 1 diabetes

• To study the DNA of jellyfish

What is the process called when a cell takes up DNA from its environment and uses it?

• Replication

• Transcription

• Transformation

• Translation

Which tools are used to cut open a bacterial plasmid and insert a new gene, then seal it back together?

• Microscopes and petri dishes

• Restriction enzymes and ligase

• Chemicals and temperature changes

• Pancreas and glucose

What is DNA called when it is made up of genetic material from two different sources?

• Bacterial DNA

• Human DNA

• Recombinant DNA

• Plasmid DNA

What is the main purpose of a vector in genetic engineering?

• To cut DNA at specific spots.

• To carry recombinant DNA into an organism.

• To protect the organism from viruses.

• To create new types of cells.

Which method is best for delivering DNA into plant cells that have thick cell walls?

• Using a plasmid.

• Microinjection.

• Using a gene gun.

• Using a virus.

How does the CRISPR-Cas9 system know where to cut DNA?

• It randomly cuts DNA.

• It uses a special guide RNA to find the target sequence.

• It recognizes specific protein sequences.

• It is controlled by a microinjection device.

Which of the following is an application of genetic engineering in the medical field?

• Creating crops resistant to pests.

• Producing insulin for people who cannot make it.

• Developing plants to remove pollutants.

• Making chickens resistant to bird flu.