Protein Synthesis and Functions

What is the main purpose of protein synthesis?

• To create new DNA strands

• To produce proteins

• To break down amino acids

• To store genetic information

Which of the following is a function of proteins in the body?

• Storing energy for long-term use

• Acting as enzymes and transporting substances

• Forming the main component of cell walls

• Transmitting nerve impulses directly

How does RNA differ from DNA?

• RNA is generally double-stranded, while DNA is single-stranded

• RNA contains deoxyribose sugar, while DNA contains ribose sugar

• RNA contains uracil instead of thymine

• RNA is found only in the nucleus, while DNA is found in the cytoplasm

What is the first major step in protein synthesis, where DNA's information is copied into a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule?

• Translation

• Replication

• Transcription

• Mutation

What are the basic building blocks that link together to form a protein?

• Sugars

• Fats

• Amino acids

• Nucleic acids

Which molecule is responsible for delivering specific amino acids to the ribosome to build a protein?

• mRNA

• DNA

• tRNA

• rRNA

What is a sequence of three nucleotide bases on an mRNA molecule called?

• Anticodon

• Gene

• Codon

• Nucleotide

Which mRNA codon typically acts as a 'start' signal for protein synthesis and codes for the amino acid Methionine?

• UAG

• CCA

• AUG

• UCU