Blood Types and Genetics Concepts

What does the term "phenotype" refer to in genetics?

• The genetic makeup of an organism.

• The observable characteristics of an individual.

• The process of inheriting traits.

• The type of proteins found in blood.

Why is it crucial to match blood types correctly during a blood transfusion?

• To prevent the blood from becoming too thick.

• To ensure the blood cells remain red.

• To avoid the recipient's immune system attacking the donated blood.

• To increase the amount of plasma in the recipient.

What are antigens in the context of blood types?

• Proteins that help blood clot.

• Substances on red blood cells that can trigger an immune response.

• Genetic codes found in plasma.

• Cells that fight off infections.

Which blood type is known as the universal donor for red blood cell transfusions?

• Type A

• Type B

• Type AB

• Type O