Kinetic Theory and Temperature

How is temperature fundamentally defined at a microscopic level?

• The total potential energy of all molecules.

• The average kinetic energy of all molecules.

• The sum of all molecular velocities.

• The rate of heat transfer between substances.

When comparing two beakers of water, one at 15°C and another at 65°C, what observation would indicate the higher temperature?

• Dye added to the 15°C water would diffuse faster.

• Dye added to the 65°C water would diffuse faster.

• The water at 15°C would have a higher density.

• The water at 65°C would freeze more quickly.

What physical phenomenon is associated with absolute zero (0 Kelvin)?

• Water boils at 100°C.

• Molecules begin to vibrate rapidly.

• All molecular motion theoretically ceases.

• The substance transitions from liquid to gas.

Based on the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution graph for N2, He, and H2 at 0°C, which gas exhibits the highest average molecular speed?

• N2 (Nitrogen)

• He (Helium)

• H2 (Hydrogen)

• All gases have the same average speed at 0°C.