Fungi

Which of the following best describes the ecological roles of fungi?

• Primarily producers, converting sunlight into energy.

• Decomposers and form symbiotic relationships with other organisms.

• Exclusively parasitic, causing diseases in plants and animals.

• Motile organisms that hunt for their food sources.

In the phylogenetic tree of eukaryotes, how are fungi related to animals and plants?

• Fungi are more closely related to plants than to animals.

• Fungi are equally related to both plants and animals.

• Fungi share a more recent common ancestor with animals than with plants.

• Fungi are a distinct group with no close evolutionary ties to either plants or animals.

What is the primary component of the cell walls in fungi?

• Cellulose

• Peptidoglycan

• Chitin

• Lignin

How do heterotrophic fungi obtain nutrients from their environment?

• Through photosynthesis, converting light energy.

• By ingesting whole food particles and digesting them internally.

• By secreting enzymes to digest material externally and then absorbing the nutrients.

• Through symbiotic relationships only, never independently.

Which phylum of fungi is characterized by sac-like structures where spores are formed?

• Ascomycota

• Basidiomycota

• Chytridiomycota

• Zygomycota

Which phylum of fungi is known for having a flagellated stage, leading to its previous classification as protists?

• Ascomycota

• Basidiomycota

• Chytridiomycota

• Glomeromycota

What is the primary role of Glomeromycota in their relationship with plants?

• Causing diseases in plants

• Increasing the plant's surface area for water absorption

• Producing antibiotics for the plant

• Decomposing dead plant material

What is the common name for the Zygomycota phylum, often found growing on food items?

• Sac fungi

• Club fungi

• Chytrids

• Bread mold