Temperature

What fundamental property of molecules does temperature directly measure?

• Total potential energy

• Average kinetic energy

• Molecular volume

• Intermolecular forces

When comparing two samples of water, one at 15°C and another at 65°C, how would the diffusion of food coloring differ?

• Diffusion would be slower in the 65°C water due to increased viscosity.

• Diffusion would be faster in the 65°C water due to increased molecular motion.

• Diffusion would be the same in both samples, as temperature does not affect diffusion rate.

• Diffusion would only occur in the 15°C water, as cold water promotes mixing.

What is the defining characteristic of absolute zero (0 Kelvin)?

• Water freezes at this temperature.

• All molecular motion ceases.

• It is equivalent to 0 degrees Celsius.

• It is the boiling point of helium.

How does an increase in temperature affect the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution curve for a gas?

• The curve becomes narrower and shifts to the left, indicating lower average kinetic energy.

• The curve becomes narrower and shifts to the right, indicating higher average kinetic energy.

• The curve broadens and shifts to the left, indicating a wider range of lower kinetic energies.

• The curve broadens and shifts to the right, indicating a wider range of higher average kinetic energies.