Plessy v. Ferguson and Civil Rights

What landmark US Supreme Court decision in 1896 put racial segregation on trial?

• Brown v. Board of Education

• Plessy v. Ferguson

• Dred Scott v. Sandford

• Miranda v. Arizona

What was the Supreme Court's decision regarding the Civil Rights Act of 1875 in 1883?

• It was deemed unconstitutional.

• It was upheld as constitutional.

• It was sent back to Congress for revisions.

• It was partially upheld, partially struck down.

What was a direct consequence of the Supreme Court striking down the Civil Rights Act of 1875?

• Federal laws were immediately passed to enforce integration.

• Individual states were allowed to pass discriminatory segregation laws.

• The 13th Amendment was repealed.

• Racial integration efforts accelerated nationwide.

What act did Louisiana institute in 1890 that required railroads to enforce segregated train cars?

• The Jim Crow Act

• The Equal Accommodations Act

• The Separate Car Act

• The Public Transportation Segregation Act

What was Homer Plessy's racial background, and what action did he take to challenge segregation?

• He was 1/4 African American and refused to give up his seat on a bus.

• He was 1/8 African American and sat in a whites-only train car.

• He was 1/2 African American and organized a boycott of segregated facilities.

• He was 1/16 African American and sued a restaurant for refusing service.

What was Justice John Marshall Harlan's opinion regarding the constitutionality of the Separate Car Act?

• He believed it was constitutional because separate facilities could be equal.

• He believed it was unconstitutional because it implied racial inferiority.

• He abstained from voting due to a conflict of interest.

• He argued it only violated the 13th Amendment, not the 14th.

The Supreme Court's majority opinion, led by Justice Henry Billings Brown, ruled the Separate Car Act constitutional based on what reasoning?

• It did not violate the 13th Amendment because it didn't re-establish slavery, and separate train cars had equal conditions.

• It was a necessary measure to maintain public order and safety.

• The 14th Amendment only applied to federal, not state, laws.

• Racial segregation was a long-standing tradition that should be respected.

The "separate but equal" legal doctrine established by Plessy v. Ferguson was eventually overturned by which Supreme Court case?

• Roe v. Wade

• Marbury v. Madison

• Brown v. Board of Education

• Miranda v. Arizona