El Niño and La Niña Effects

What causes rain over Southeast Asia during normal conditions?

• High pressure

• Cold upwelling

• Rising air

• Strong trade winds

During normal conditions in the Pacific Ocean, where does warm water tend to accumulate?

• Near South America

• Near Southeast Asia

• Near the North Pole

• In the middle of the Pacific

What is the name of the atmospheric circulation pattern that describes the normal movement of air in the Pacific Ocean?

• Hadley Cell

• Ferrel Cell

• Walker Cell

• Polar Cell

In normal conditions, what happens to the ocean water near the coast of South America?

• It becomes very warm

• It experiences strong upwelling of cold water

• It has a higher sea level

• It receives a lot of rain

What happens to the trade winds during El Niño conditions?

• They become stronger

• They reverse direction

• They weaken

• They disappear completely

During El Niño, where does the warm ocean water tend to move towards?

• Towards Southeast Asia

• Towards South America

• Towards the North Pole

• It stays in the middle of the Pacific

What is the atmospheric pressure change that occurs during El Niño, also known as the Southern Oscillation?

• High pressure moves to Southeast Asia and low pressure to South America

• Low pressure moves to Southeast Asia and high pressure to South America

• Both areas experience high pressure

• Both areas experience low pressure

What is a common weather effect in South America during El Niño?

• Droughts

• Forest fires

• Heavy rainfall and flooding

• Colder temperatures

How do the trade winds change during La Niña conditions compared to normal conditions?

• They weaken

• They reverse direction

• They become stronger

• They remain unchanged

What happens to the upwelling of cold water off the coast of South America during La Niña?

• It decreases

• It stops completely

• It increases

• It shifts to Southeast Asia