Crash Course: Skeletal System

What is considered the most serious physical damage a microgravity environment causes to the human body?

• Loss of muscle mass

• Trouble sleeping

• Puffy faces

• Damage to the bones

Which of the following is a function of bones beyond providing structural support?

• Regulating body temperature

• Producing digestive enzymes

• Generating blood cells

• Controlling nerve impulses

Which of these bones belongs to the axial skeleton?

• Femur

• Pelvis

• Skull

• Shoulder blade

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What is the primary location of yellow bone marrow in a long bone?

• The epiphyses

• The spongy bone

• The medullary cavity of the diaphysis

• The compact bone

What structural feature of lamellae within osteons helps bones resist torsion stress?

• Collagen fibers running in the same direction.

• Collagen fibers running in alternating directions.

• The presence of central canals.

• The oblong spaces called lacunae.

What is the primary role of osteocytes in bone tissue?

• To break down old bone tissue.

• To secrete collagen and absorb minerals for new bone formation.

• To monitor and maintain the bone matrix.

• To provide nourishment to the bone.

What do osteoblasts secrete to initiate the formation of bone matrix?

• Calcium phosphate and hydrogen ions.

• Collagen and enzymes that absorb minerals.

• Nerves and blood vessels.

• Growth hormones.

What is the process called when osteoclasts break down old bone tissue?

• Bone remodeling.

• Apoptosis.

• Resorption.

• Ossification.