Endocrine System Functions and Hormones

Which of the following is a common misconception about hormones?

• Hormones only affect sexual development.

• Hormones regulate metabolism.

• Hormones control growth.

• Hormones help maintain body defenses.

Besides reproduction, which of these is a function regulated by hormones?

• Maintaining energy balance

• Controlling muscle contractions

• Filtering blood in the kidneys

• Processing sensory information

How does the endocrine system primarily send its messages throughout the body?

• Through fast electrical signals in neurons.

• By secreting hormones into the bloodstream.

• Using direct contact between cells.

• Through nerve impulses in the spinal cord.

What are the specific cells that a hormone can trigger a reaction in called?

• Receptor cells

• Signal cells

• Target cells

• Endocrine cells

Which organ is responsible for regulating blood sugar levels by releasing hormones like insulin and glucagon?

• Thyroid

• Adrenal glands

• Pancreas

• Pituitary gland

What is the primary role of insulin in the body?

• To raise blood sugar levels

• To increase the rate at which cells store sugar

• To trigger the release of glucose into the blood

• To decrease the storage of sugar in cells

The HPA axis, which regulates many body processes and the stress response, involves interactions between which three glands?

• Thyroid, Pancreas, Adrenal

• Hypothalamus, Pituitary, Adrenal

• Pineal, Thymus, Pancreas

• Hypothalamus, Thyroid, Pituitary

During a stress response, which hormone is released by the hypothalamus to initiate the cascade?

• ACTH

• Glucagon

• CRH

• Insulin