Ecology Review: Food Chains & Webs, Relationships, Nitrogen & Carbon Cycles, Effects on Biodiversity

Which of these organisms is a producer in a food chain?

• Grasshopper

• Frog

• Grass

• Snake

If producers in an ecosystem have 50,000 kilocalories of energy, how much energy would the primary consumers have?

• 500 kilocalories

• 5,000 kilocalories

• 50,000 kilocalories

• 500,000 kilocalories

If the number of birds in a food web decreases, what might happen to the grasshopper population that the birds eat?

• The grasshopper population would decrease.

• The grasshopper population would increase.

• The grasshopper population would stay the same.

• The grasshopper population would move to a different area.

What is the name for organisms that break down dead plants and animals in an ecosystem?

• Producers

• Consumers

• Decomposers

• Predators

What kind of relationship is it when a bat lives in a pitcher plant, getting a home, and the pitcher plant gets nutrients from the bat's waste?

• Parasitism

• Commensalism

• Mutualism

• Competition

What is the process called when nitrogen gas from the air is changed into ammonia or ammonium by bacteria, so plants can use it?

• Nitrification

• Ammonification

• Nitrogen Fixation

• Denitrification

Which process uses carbon dioxide from the air to make food and is done by plants and other producers?

• Cellular Respiration

• Decomposition

• Photosynthesis

• Combustion

What is a greenhouse gas, like carbon dioxide, known for doing in the Earth's atmosphere?

• Making plants grow faster

• Trapping heat

• Creating oxygen

• Causing rain

What happens to coral during coral bleaching?

• The coral grows faster and becomes stronger.

• The coral polyps expel the algae living inside them.

• The ocean water becomes colder, making the coral turn white.

• The coral changes color to attract more fish.

What happens to the ocean's chemistry when it absorbs too much carbon dioxide?

• The ocean becomes more alkaline (higher pH).

• The ocean becomes more acidic (lower pH).

• The ocean water becomes clearer.

• The ocean water becomes saltier.