Types of Rocks-Geology

What is the study of the Earth, including its rocks, how it was made, and how it has changed over time, called?

• Biology

• Geology

• Astronomy

• Meteorology

What materials combine to form sedimentary rocks?

• Molten lava and volcanic ash

• Sand, shells, pebbles, and other material pieces

• Intense heat and pressure

• Crystals and minerals

Which type of rock is typically soft, crumbles easily, and is the only type that usually contains fossils?

• Igneous rocks

• Metamorphic rocks

• Sedimentary rocks

• Volcanic rocks

What two main factors are required for metamorphic rocks to form under the Earth's surface?

• Water and wind erosion

• Volcanic eruptions and cooling lava

• Intense heat and pressure

• Sedimentation and compaction

How do igneous rocks form?

• By the cooling and hardening of magma

• Through the compression of sediments

• When existing rocks are altered by heat and pressure

• From the accumulation of organic matter

What is molten rock called when it is deep within the Earth?

• Lava

• Magma

• Obsidian

• Pumice

Which characteristic is typical of intrusive igneous rocks?

• They form on the Earth's surface and have small crystals.

• They are formed from compressed sediments.

• They cool slowly inside the Earth, allowing large crystals to form.

• They are altered by extreme heat and pressure.

Which rock is formed when lava cools extremely quickly on the Earth's surface, resulting in a shiny, glass-like texture with no crystals?

• Granite

• Basalt

• Obsidian

• Shale