APES UNIT 5 REVIEW

Which of the following best describes the "Tragedy of the Commons"?

• A situation where privately owned resources are overused due to lack of regulation.

• The degradation of shared public resources by individuals acting in their own self-interest.

• The sustainable management of common resources through community cooperation.

• A scenario where government intervention leads to the depletion of private assets.

Which of the following is a direct environmental consequence of clearcutting forests?

• Increased biodiversity due to new plant growth.

• Decreased soil erosion and improved water quality.

• Increased soil and stream temperatures, leading to less dissolved oxygen.

• Enhanced ecosystem resilience and stability.

The Green Revolution, while increasing food production, led to several negative environmental consequences. Which of these is a direct result of increased mechanization in agriculture?

• Reduced reliance on fossil fuels.

• Increased soil biodiversity.

• Soil compaction, decreasing water holding capacity and increasing erosion.

• Decreased need for irrigation.

How do genetically modified organisms (GMOs) primarily impact biodiversity in agricultural systems?

• They increase genetic diversity within crop species.

• They lead to a decrease in genetic diversity, making crops more susceptible to disease.

• They promote the growth of a wider variety of non-crop plants.

• They have no significant impact on genetic diversity.

What is a significant environmental disadvantage of using synthetic (inorganic) fertilizers?

• They increase the soil's water-holding capacity.

• They introduce beneficial soil decomposers.

• They cause leaching of nutrients into groundwater and surface waters.

• They return organic matter to the soil.

Which irrigation method is generally considered the most efficient in terms of water usage?

• Furrrow irrigation

• Flood irrigation

• Drip irrigation

• Spray irrigation

What is a potential long-term disadvantage of relying heavily on genetically modified (GM) crops?

• Increased need for pesticides due to enhanced pest resistance.

• Reduced genetic diversity, making crops more vulnerable to new diseases or pests.

• Higher nutritional content compared to traditional crops.

• Decreased herbicide use due to built-in weed resistance.

Which of the following is a major environmental concern associated with Confined Animal Feeding Operations (CAFOs)?

• Reduced greenhouse gas emissions from livestock.

• Efficient use of land for animal grazing.

• Production of large volumes of waste that can contaminate water sources.

• Decreased reliance on antibiotics for animal health.

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Which of the following is an unintended consequence of bottom trawling?

• Increased fish populations

• Reduced ocean sediment

• Bycatch of non-target species

• Enhanced coral reef growth